From CMHC

High housing costs burden Canadians in many ways. Here, we concentrate on how these costs discourage Canadians from moving to better places to live and to the cities where they would like to work. Improving affordability will hence boost the productivity of Canada's economy.

When choosing where to live and work, Canadians not only look at the wage increase they might get. They must be realistic about housing costs if they have to move to a new location. And they may give up on opportunities given by a new job that improves their skills and knowledge — and hence the productivity of the country — if they can't afford to cover the cost of housing after moving.

Similarly, employers must pay more to attract highly skilled workers to their locations to cover those workers' higher cost of living. This raises costs and lowers productivity.

Changes in housing affordability across the country lead to knock-on changes for other cities. For example, our modelling suggests that were Toronto to double its housing starts over the next decade to address its own affordability challenges — but without policy changes — its population would be 3% greater than currently projected. Others, mostly from the rest of Ontario, would be attracted there.

More generally, we find that a 1% increase in house prices in the destination city will make it less attractive and will lead to a decline in the number of people moving there of a little more than 1%. Cities need to understand the impacts of house prices across the country when planning for their own growth.

https://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/blog/2025/high-housing-costs-making-harder-move-jobs-many-seeking